Internet Inventor

In August 1962, JCR Licklider of MIT (Massachuet Institute of Technology) proposed a concept that social interaction can be enabled through a computer network. This concept is known as a working system Galatic network. Licklider This vise has a global network of interconnected computers where anyone can access the data and programs right from any place. Spirit, the concept is in accordance with the concept of the internet today. Lincklider was the first head of the computer research program at DARPA project, which began in October 1962. During DARPA, Licklider worked with Ivan Sutherland. Bob Taylor and Lawrence G. Leonard Roberts in MIT Kletirock publish his writings titled "The first paper on packet switching theory" in July 1961 and "The first book on the subject" 1964. Kleinrock agree with Roberts in theoretical feasibility of communications using packets rather than just system uses an electronic circuit. This theory is the forerunner of the computer network.

Another important step is to make computers can communicate with each other simultaneously. To prove this, in 1965 Roberts bekeja with Thomas Merrill, connect the TX-2 computer in Mass. to the Q-32 computer in California to use a dial-up line with a low speed. This is the first extensive computer network and made for the first time on a small scale. Results of these experiments prove that the use of the time in these computers can work well, run a program, retrieve or edit the data as was done on a machine with a remote control.
In 1966 Roberts went to DARPA to develop the computer network concept and published in 1967. At the same time, Donald Davies and Roger Scantlebury of NPL write papers related to the concept of packets on a computer network. Based on the period, a group of MIT researchers working in 1961-1967. Group of RAND work in 1962-1965 and at NPL in the year 1964-1967. Said the package has been adopted from the work at NPL and proposed a data communication channel used in the ARPANET. So the data communication within the project changed from 22 kbps to 50 kbps.
In August 1968, after Roberts and the DARPA project funders revise the structure and specifications for the ARPANET. DARPA to develop one of the key components of a data packet called interface message processor (IMP). And economic network topology is designed and optimized by Roberts working with Howard Frank and the other team at Network Analysis Corporation. Measurements carried out by a team of network systems in UNCLA pempinan Kleinrock.
Because in the beginning was the development of the theory of data packets by Kleinrock, then Network meassurement Center built in UNCLA Kleinrock was elected as the first note ARPANET project. This happens at the beginning of September 1969 in which the first host computer was connected first. Selected as the second node of the project Dough Englebart the augmentation of human intellect working at Stanford Research Insttitute (SRI). SRI supported the Network Information Center as pemiliharaan tables mapping hostnames addresses according to RFC's directoryA month later, when SRI was connected to ARPANET, the first message from host to host was sent from Kleinrock's laboratory to SRI. Two more nodes were added at UC Santa Barbara at the University of Utah. At the end of 1969, four host computers were bergambung together into the initial ARPANET (Advanced Research Projects Agency Network), the forerunner of the internet was born.
ARPANET network connecting the U.S. Defense Department research center with research centers at universities in the U.S.. In the development of many other government institutions such as libraries and business groups to join this network. ARPANET was designed to deal with the possibility of a nuclear attack. If the enemy attacks one point on the Internet, the system is designed, such that the network would not be crippled. This is made possible because the system is using alternative routes that do not have internet connection in the network center.
Due to the absence of a centralized Internet network can progress very quickly. Anyone can join by adding the number of computers in the local network and the Internet. In December 1970. Network Working Group (NWG) completed the protocol that is often called the ARPANET Network Control Protocol (NCP). ARPANET sites completed implementing NCP during the period 1971-1972, the network users finally be able to develop applications. In 1971 there were about 15 nodes (23 hosts) that exist in the ARPANET is created in communicating the message. Message through the network is called the e-mail, which until now used in communication. October 1972. Kahn organized a large, very successful demonstration of the ARPANET at the International Computer Communication Conference (ICCC). This is the first time introduced to the public at large. In this demo introduced instilah e-mail (electronic mail). In March, Roy Tomlinson of BBN wrote the first e-mail message. This is motivated by the need ARPANET developers for an easy coordination mechanism. In July, Roberts expanded its utility by creating a utility program first e-mail to the list, selectively read the file, forward (forward) and respond to messages. The discovery of the e-mail is the most widely used applications in computer networking for be some decades. In 1973, international relations ARPANET was the first time the university's College of London in Inggrus with the Royal Radar Establishment (Norway). At the time it was designed to be the basis of the relationship ethernet local area network (local area network). Additionally gateway which is designed liaison arsitektirnya networks and the introduction of different file transfer protocol as a means of computers to send and receive data.
In 1974 TCP started being used as a basis for communication on the Internet. And at the same time found telnet, which is the commercial version of ARPANET. In 1976 the use of the network on the internet more and more. AT & T Bell Laboratories developed the UUCP (Unix to Unix Copy) which is distributed with the Unix operating system. At that time still a Unix operating system in universities and research bodies. The following year, the number of hosts that access the Internet grew even through the number 100. At that time THEORYNET provide an e-mail to over 100 researchers in the field of computers and use the Internet through the gateway protocol.
Circa 1979 websites are interactive multiuser start to be made and many other amenities that are found in the facility and add. Among them, newsgroups, www and many more. In the early 1980s, ARPANET was split into two networks, the ARPANET and Milnet (a military network). But both have a relationship so that the background communication network can still be made. At first the interconnection network called DARPA itnernet, fermented eventually called iternet only. In 1986 was born the National Science Foundation Network with 5 super computer center. This network is then developed to connect a variety of other academic network consisting of universities and research consortiums, NSFNET began to replace the ARPANET as the main research network in the U.S. In March 1990 the ARPANET was officially disbanded. At the time of NSFNET built, international networks established and connected to the NSFNET. Australia, Scandinavian countries, Britain, France, Germany, Canada and Japan soon joined. At this time the internet is made up of more than 15,000 networks around the world (70 countries in 7 continents). About 25 million people are able to send messages via the Internet and other networks connected to it. Its use is not purely for research, but mecakup social activities, commercial (via network between commercial called CIX) and other cultures. Nowadays most people refer to the physical structure of the internet as a network, which consists of client and server computer and phone line that connects everything. Some kinds of services have been developed over the years for use as a facility of information between a variety of sites on the internet.
In early 1991, the modernization of the Internet began. Commercial Internet eXchange (CIX) was formed after NSF lifted restrictions on the commercial use of the network. In this case the mechanism to index and access information on the internet is getting expanded. Expanded internet development, for example: e-mail message, text, computer code, images, graphics, sound files, databases and other applications. Technical capabilities better data search is also implemented, which is the keyword search. The emergence of the World Wide Web (WWW) to add variation in Internet applications as well as more major ones, due to the multimedia aspect of the WWW can enter and easier to access.